A run of five consecutive wins saw the Blues qualify for Europe, although the competition they will play in has yet to be decided.
They are banking on Manchester City to beat Manchester United in the FA Cup final later this month.
Should Pep Guardiola's team overcome their city rivals, Chelsea will play in the Europa League. If the reverse happens, the Conference League awaits.
It had been a difficult season for Pochettino at Stamford Bridge before heading into the closing stages.
While co-owner Todd Boehly had spoken positively about the 52-year-old's work after appearing to have come to grips with a talented young squad, Pochettino was always scheduled for talks with co-sporting directors Paul Winstanley and Laurence Stewart in a post-season review.
Mauricio Pochettino has left Chelsea after just one season
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Why did Mauricio Pochettino leave Chelsea after just one season?
Pochettino is said to have left the club on good terms. It is not believed there was a falling out between Chelsea's co-owners or co-sporting directors.
However, it is thought that the top players at Stamford Bridge felt Pochettino should have commanded a higher League finish than the sixth spot he ultimately secured.
The difference in vision between Pochettino and Chelsea's hierarchy was also too great to overcome.
Who will be Chelsea's new manager?
Former Brighton manager Roberto De Zerbi is also among the bookmakers' favorites after leaving the south coast club at the height of the Premier League season.